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"Over the past decade, a group of prolific and innovative evolutionary biologists has sought to reinvent historical linguistics through the use of phylogenetic and phylogeographical analysis, treating cognates like genes and conceptualizing the spread of languages in terms of the diffusion of viruses. Using these techniques, researchers claim to have located the origin of the Indo-European language family in Neolithic Anatolia, challenging the near-consensus view that it emerged in the grasslands north of the Black Sea thousands of years later. But despite its widespread celebration in the global media, this new approach fails to withstand scrutiny. As languages do not evolve like biological species and do not spread like viruses, the model produces incoherent results, contradicted by the empirical record at every turn. This book asserts that the origin and spread of languages must be examined primarily through the time-tested techniques of linguistic analysis, rather than those of evolutionary biology"--
Indo-European languages --- Evolution. Phylogeny --- Historical linguistics --- Indoeuropeiska språk --- Språkhistoria --- Indo-Europeans --- Historical linguistics. --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Evolution (Biology) --- Phylogeny. --- Phylogeography. --- Bayesian statistical decision theory. --- forskning --- Study and teaching. --- Research. --- Migrations. --- Origin. --- Språkhistoria. --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics). --- Evolution (Biology). --- forskning. --- Forskning. --- Phylogeny --- Phylogeography --- Bayesian statistical decision theory --- Study and teaching --- Research --- Origin --- Migrations --- Indo-European languages - Study and teaching --- Indo-European languages - Research --- Indo-Europeans - Origin --- Indo-Europeans - Migrations --- Aryan languages --- Indo-Germanic languages --- Analysis, Linguistic (Linguistics) --- Analysis (Philosophy) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and history --- Linguistics --- Animal phylogeny --- Animals --- Phylogenetics --- Phylogeny (Zoology) --- Biology --- Animal evolution --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Aryans --- Civilization, Aryan --- Civilization, Indo-European --- Indo-Germanic peoples --- Caucasian race --- Ethnology --- Bayes' solution --- Bayesian analysis --- Statistical decision --- Biogeography --- History
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The development of molecular tools has dramatically increased our knowledge of parasite diversity and the vectors that transmit them. From viruses and protists to arthropods and helminths, each branch of the Tree of Life offers an insight into significant, yet cryptic, biodiversity. Alongside this, the studies of host-parasite interactions and parasitism have influenced many scientific disciplines, such as biogeography and evolutionary ecology, by using comparative methods based on phylogenetic information to unravel shared evolutionary histories. Parasite Diversity and Diversification brings together two active fields of research, phylogenetics and evolutionary ecology, to reveal and explain the patterns of parasite diversity and the diversification of their hosts. This book will encourage students and researchers in the fields of ecology and evolution of parasitism, as well as animal and human health, to integrate phylogenetics into the investigation of parasitism in evolutionary ecology, health ecology, medicine and conservation.
Pathogenic microorganisms. --- Virulence (Microbiology) --- Microbial virulence --- Pathogenic microorganisms --- Disease-causing microorganisms --- Micro-organisms, Pathogenic --- Pathogens --- Microorganisms --- Medical microbiology --- Parasites --- Species diversity. --- Host-parasite relationships. --- Pathogenic bacteria. --- Variation. --- Evolution. --- Phylogeny. --- Ecology. --- Bacteria, Pathogenic --- Disease germs --- Bacteria --- Bacterial diseases --- Medical bacteriology --- Host-organism relationships --- Host-pathogen relationships --- Parasite-host relationships --- Pathogen-host relationships --- Relationships, Host-parasite --- Parasitism --- Animal parasites --- Animals --- Epizoa --- Parasitic animals --- Parasitic organisms --- Pests --- Diversity, Species --- Richness, Species --- Species richness --- Biodiversity --- Genetic Variation. --- Parasites. --- Host-Parasite Interactions. --- Phylogeography --- Variabilité génétique. --- Relations hôte-parasite. --- Parasitologie. --- Virulence (microbiologie) --- methods. --- Évolution. --- Variétés. --- Genetic Variation --- Host Microbial Interactions --- Host Microbial Interactions.
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This extensive, three-volume handbook, intensively updated and enlarged, is a superb new resource for students, researchers, and practitioners in paleoanthropology. A baseline storehouse covering the full extent of current knowledge, the volume features an online e-reference work that will be updated with future developments in this fascinating discipline. Often cited as the most multidisciplinary of all the sciences, paleoanthropology encompasses a vast range of techniques drawn from geology, evolutionary biology, and archaeology, among many others. Guided by an editorial team of global stature, the contributions reflect the best of today’s scholarship. Each volume covers core constituents of the subject: basic principles and methods, primate evolution and human origins, and the phylogeny of hominins. The editors have ensured that the entries uphold a key principle of paleoanthropology, requiring historical assessments to be updated with developing knowledge of the living world. The handbook’s first volume incorporates the enormous advances made in such areas as phylogenetic analysis, paleoecology and evolutionary theory and philosophy. Volume II integrates primate fossil data with the vast amount that is now known of the behavior and ecology of living primates in natural environments. The third volume deals with the fossil and molecular evidence for the evolution of Homo sapiens and its fossil relatives. Paleoanthropology is characterized by its many live and unresolved academic debates, which are reflected in the heterogeneity of intellectual standpoints in this handbook. This planned diversity ensures that the Springer Handbook of Paleoanthropology is a multilayered, comprehensive companion of inestimable value to students, academics, and working professionals alike.
Life Sciences. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Paleontology. --- Anthropology. --- Life sciences. --- Evolution (Biology). --- Sciences de la vie --- Paléontologie --- Evolution (Biologie) --- Anthropologie --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Evolution --- Evolutionary biology. --- Human beings --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Fossilogy --- Fossilology --- Palaeontology --- Paleontology, Zoological --- Paleozoology --- Historical geology --- Zoology --- Fossils --- Prehistoric animals in motion pictures --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Paleontology . --- Paleoanthropology. --- Human evolution. --- Primates --- Fossil hominids. --- Paleoanthropology --- Biological Evolution. --- Hominidae. --- Evolution. --- Origin. --- Methodology. --- Phylogeography --- Hominini --- Pongidae --- Apes --- Hominids --- Hominins --- Homo --- Ape --- Hominid --- Hominin --- Homininus --- Anthropology --- Evolution, Biological --- Sociobiology --- Human paleontology --- Anthropology, Prehistoric --- Paleontology --- Physical anthropology --- Fossil hominids --- Antiquity of human beings --- Origin of human beings --- Human evolution --- Early man --- Fossil hominins --- Fossil man --- Hominids, Fossil --- Hominins, Fossil --- Human fossils --- Human remains (Archaeology) --- Primates, Fossil --- Evolution (Biology) --- Evolutionary psychology --- Origin --- Taphonomy
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